Monday, April 2, 2012

Chapter 17 Vocabulary

WAAC: women’s auxiliary army corps





George Marshall: Army chief for staff general


A. Philip Randolph: president and founder of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car posters, highly respected leader

Manhattan Project: U.S. program to develop an atomic bomb for use in WWII

OPA: office of Price Administration

WPB: war production board

Rationing: a restriction of people’s rights to by unlimited amounts of particular good and other goods, often implemented during wartime to ensure adequate supplies for the military

Dwight D. Eisenhower: American general, he commanded the invasion on Axis-controlled North America

D-Day: a name given to June 6, 1944; the day on which the Allies launched an invasion of the European mainland in WWII

Omar Bradley: American army general who launched massive air and land attack against enemy at St. Louis

George Paton: American general

Battle of the Bulge: a moth-long battle of WWII, in which the allies succeeded in turning back the last major German offensive of the war

V.E. Day: a name given to May 8, 1945, “Victory in Europe Day” on which General Eisenhower’s acceptance of the unconditional surrender of Nazi Germany marked the end of WWII in Europe

Harry S. Truman: Vice President for President Franklin Roosevelt, who then became the 33rd president when Roosevelt died in office

Tuskegee Airmen: plots of all black 99th pursuit squadron, fought in Italy

Douglas MacArthur: Ally general who commanded the Philippines islands in Dec. 1941

Chester Nimitz: the commander of the American naval forces in the Pacific

Battle of Midway: battle in which the Japanese were caught off guard and lost 54 aircraft carriers, a cruiser, and 250 planes. Was the turning point in the Pacific War

Kamikaze: involving or engaging in the deliberate crashing of a bomb-filled airplane into a military target (suicide-plane)

Iwo Jima: most heavily guarded island, Americans won it over to use to serve as a base from which heavily loaded bombers could reach Japan

J. Robert Oppenheimer: led research on the development of the atomic bomb, he was an American scientist

Hiroshima and Nagasaki: the two cities on which the U.S. dropped the atomic bombs during WWII

Nuremberg Trials: the court proceeding held in Nuremberg, Germany, after WWII, in which Nazi leaders were tried for war crimes

James Farmer: civil rights leader who founded the “CORE”

CORE: The Congress of Racial Equality, an interracial group founded in 1942 by James Farmer to work against racism in N. cities

GI Bill of Rights: a name given to the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act, a 1944 law that provided financial and educational benefits for WWII veterans

Internment: confinement or a restriction in movement, especially under wartime conditions

JACL: The Japanese American Citizens League, an organization that pushed the U.S. government to compensate the Japanese Americans for property they had lost when they were interned during WWII

Klor De Alva, Krieger, Wilson, and Woloch. "Unit 5." The Americans. By Danzer. McDougal Littell. Print.

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